Infeksi gastrointestinal akibat bakteri Gram-negatif Shigella flexneri (penyebab shigellosis) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan serius di Indonesia seiring meningkatnya kasus resistensi terhadap antibiotik lini pertama. Penelitian eksperimental ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suplementasi ekstrak jamur kuping (Auricularia auricula-judae) sebagai prebiotik terhadap peningkatan potensi antibakteri bakteriosin (plantaricin) dari probiotik Lactobacillus plantarum dalam menghambat pertumbuhan S. flexneri, serta menentukan konsentrasi ekstrak yang optimal. Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan filtrat sinbiotik dari kombinasi ekstrak etanol jamur kuping dengan variasi konsentrasi (1,6%; 0,8%; 0,4%; 0,2%; dan 0,1%), yang terbagi dalam 5 kelompok konsentrasi dan 1 kontrol positif melalui 4 kali pengulangan. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi sumuran dan dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan One-Way ANOVA.
Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa suplementasi ekstrak jamur kuping memberikan pengaruh yang sangat signifikan (p < 0,001) terhadap peningkatan diameter zona hambat bakteriosin L. plantarum terhadap S. flexneri. Komponen beta-glukan pada jamur bertindak sebagai substrat karbon spesifik melalui jalur EMP untuk mempercepat pertumbuhan sel bakteri produsen.
Dapat disimpulkan bahwa suplementasi ekstrak jamur kuping secara signifikan mampu meningkatkan aktivitas antibakteri bakteriosin L. plantarum terhadap S. flexneri, tetapi penggunaan pelarut etanol, waktu inkubasi dan fase adaptasi. Mempengaruhi terhadap pertumbuhan zona hambat.

Gastrointestinal infections caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Shigella flexneri (the causative agent of shigellosis) remain a serious public health issue in Indonesia, alongside rising resistance to first-line antibiotics. This experimental study aimed to investigate the effect of supplementing ear mushroom (Auricularia auricula-judae) extract as a prebiotic on enhancing the antibacterial potential of bacteriocin (plantaricin) produced by the probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum against S. flexneri, as well as determining the optimal extract concentration. Testing was conducted using a synbiotic filtrate combining the ethanolic extract of ear mushroom at various concentrations (1.6%, 0.8%, 0.4%, 0.2%, and 0.1%). The treatments were divided into 5 concentration groups and 1 positive control with 4 replications. The antibacterial activity assay was performed using the well-diffusion method, and data were statistically analyzed using One-Way ANOVA.
The statistical analysis showed that ear mushroom extract supplementation had a highly significant effect (p < 0.001) on increasing the inhibition zone diameter of L. plantarum bacteriocin against S. flexneri. The beta-glucan component in the mushroom acted as a specific carbon substrate via the EMP pathway to accelerate the growth of the producer bacterial cells.
It can be concluded that ear mushroom extract supplementation significantly increases the antibacterial activity of L. plantarum bacteriocin against S. flexneri; however, the use of ethanol solvent, along with the incubation time and adaptation phase, significantly influences the growth of the inhibition zone.